10.1371/journal.pone.0176845 MATHguide.com.
Vyas, YoungstersHealth, The Nemours Foundation, July 2017, kidshealth.org/en/parents/chicken-pox.html.
(2017) The natural history of varicella zoster virus disease in Norway: Further insights on exogenous boosting and progressive immunity to herpes zoster. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0176845. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176845
a3 =(1)53–1
→ (1) 25 = 25
a4 =(1)54–1
= 125
a5=(1)55–1
= 625
a6=(1)56–1
= 3125
|
Generation |
Infected per generation |
Total infected |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
2 |
5 |
6 |
|
3 |
25 |
31 |
|
4 |
125 |
156 |
|
5 |
625 |
781 |
|
6 |
3125 |
3906 |
Based off of our equation, it could simply take just 6 generations to infect the complete school. This illustrates the dire importance of vaccinations to grant immunity.
Herd Immunity:
Herd immunity is just a large aspect in the disease rates in just a population. It dictates that “for every person that is vaccinated the risk of disease for the remainder community decreases.”[9] Simply put, Herd immunity is if the recovered, who’re immune, outnumber the healthy prone, resulting in little potential for creating an epidemic. Vaccination serves as significantly of a bridge from the vunerable to the recovered, in that the average person never experiences the illness. Vaccination is quite crucial that you society as it creates herd immunity superficially; the total amount of folks who are infected or recovered is vastly smaller than a naturally-occurring setup. The Herd Immunity Threshold could be the percentage of the people which should be immune to regulate transmission of a condition. The Diekmann and Heesterbeek equation for Herd Immunity Threshold is
Ht = BR–1BR
= 1- 1BR
This equation might help us unearth the percentage of people would have to be immune to guard the people. As previously stated, the common wide range of secondary transmissions from a single person is 5 (R0 = 5.0) so plugging that in to the equation would provide us
1 – 1R0
= 1 – ( 15
) = (45
)
Therefore, 80% associated with the population needs to be either immune vaccinated in a completely prone environment so that you can stop the spread of varicella. [10]
As more and more folks are vaccinated, the herd immunity threshold also
biology essay testincreases. By decreasing how many prone individuals, the herd immunity threshold decreases.
Figure C. Visual representation of Herd Immunity taking effect in a population.[11]
Case Trends:
As vaccinations have become more standardized in society and widely implemented, we’ve experienced a decline in not merely varicella rates but many other diseases also. Making use of data from the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports (MMWR), I happened to be able to develop a graph.
Based off of this graph as well as the data points, I used my calculator to locate an equation for the situations line of most readily useful fit.
y=6.2458E 97 (.89838)x
The graph had been extremely eye-opening as it really revealed the drastic downward trend of situations through the entire last few decades. It seemingly will hit zero soon, nonetheless that is improbable as a result of human being error; many individuals would not have usage of the varicella vaccine or choose never to partake in it. Considering that the origins of vaccination, some individuals have opposed the practice regarding the grounds it is maybe not “natural”, or may contain harmful chemical substances. In the 1970s, people begun to falsely think that the vaccinations could do harm, and blamed situations of autism regarding the vaccinations. [12] Since 2001, the percentage of people who choose never to vaccinate has quadrupled.
Conclusion:
I went into this IA with just minimal home elevators the dynamics of epidemiology, and moreover the importance of vaccination. Every year when I get my shots, I think little of it, but this report highlighted just how much they matter. I regret obtaining the limited scope of just the United State’s data, because I am aware that in other countries it could vary vastly as a result of cultural views on anti-vaccination, in addition to just limited access to medical care. I felt extremely privileged and humbled that I reside in a spot where these options can be obtained if you ask me. If I were to help expand my research, I would personally extend my perspective globally, and equate to other countries. Furthermore, if there was clearly enough data available however could compare my data with epidemics associated with the past, specially ones which damaged populations.
I have a pastime in the medical field, particularly in research; as time goes on, I believe that medicine will advance to help expand expel condition and viruses.
Appendix:
Bibliography
- “Chickenpox (for Parents).” Edited by Shayan T. Vyas, youngstersHealth, The Nemours Foundation, July 2017, kidshealth.org/en/parents/chicken-pox.html.
- “Chickenpox | Monitoring Vaccine Impact | Varicella | CDC.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/surveillance/monitoring-varicella.html.
- “Chickenpox (Varicella).” History of Vaccines, www.historyofvaccines.org/index.php/content/articles/chickenpox-varicella.
- “Chickenpox.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for healthcare Education and Research, 1 Nov. 2018, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chickenpox/symptoms-causes/syc-20351282.
- “Chicken Pox (Varicella Zoster Virus) Infection Information.” MyVMC, 31 May 2018, www.myvmc.com/diseases/chicken-pox-varicella-zoster-virus/.
- “Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 11 Aug. 2015, www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/varicella.html.
- “Facts about Chickenpox.” US National Library of Medicine, Pediatric Children’s Health, Sept. 2005, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722564/.
- Factual Statements About Chickenpox and Shingles for Adults. National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, Aug. 2009, www.nfid.org/publications/factsheets/varicellaadult.pdf.
- “History of Anti-Vaccination Movements.” History of Vaccines, www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/history-anti-vaccination-movements.
- Marangi L, Mirinaviciute G, Flem E, Scalia Tomba G, Guzzetta G, Freiesleben de Blasio B, et al.
(2017) The natural history of varicella zoster virus disease in Norway: Further insights on exogenous boosting and progressive immunity to herpes zoster. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0176845. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176845 - MATHguide.com. “Geometric Sequences and Series.” MATHguide could be the Source for Interactive Mathematics for Students, Parents and Teachers Called MATHguide, www.mathguide.com/lessons/SequenceGeometric.html.
- “R Nought and Vaccine Coverage.” Khan Academy, Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/current-issues-in-health-and-medicine/ebola-outbreak/v/r-nought-and-vaccine-coverage.
- “Reported situations and Deaths from Vaccine Preventable Diseases, usa, 1950-2013.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 13th Edition , Apr. 2015, vaccines.procon.org/sourcefiles/cdc-reported-cases-and-deaths-from-vaccine-preventable-diseases.pdf.
- “The Mathematics of Diseases.” The Mathematics of Diseases, 25 July 2018, plus.maths.org/content/mathematics-diseases.
- “Varicella (Chickenpox): Questions and Answers.” Vaccine Information, Immunization Action Coalition, www.immunize.org/catg.d/p4202.pdf.
- Wharton M. The epidemiology of varicella-zoster virus infectionsExternal. Infect Dis Clin N Amer. 1996;10:571–81.
- “ What Is Herd Immunity?” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/herd-immunity/.
→ (1) 25 = 25
a4 =(1)54–1
= 125
a5=(1)55–1
= 625
a6=(1)56–1
= 3125
|
Generation |
Infected per generation |
Total infected |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
2 |
5 |
6 |
|
3 |
25 |
31 |
|
4 |
125 |
156 |
|
5 |
625 |
781 |
|
6 |
3125 |
3906 |
Based off of our equation, it could simply take just 6 generations to infect the complete school. This illustrates the dire importance of vaccinations to grant immunity.
Herd Immunity:
Herd immunity is just a large aspect in the disease rates in just a population. It dictates that “for every person that is vaccinated the risk of disease for the remainder community decreases.”[9] Simply put, Herd immunity is if the recovered, who’re immune, outnumber the healthy prone, resulting in little potential for creating an epidemic. Vaccination serves as significantly of a bridge from the vunerable to the recovered, in that the average person never experiences the illness. Vaccination is quite crucial that you society as it creates herd immunity superficially; the total amount of folks who are infected or recovered is vastly smaller than a naturally-occurring setup. The Herd Immunity Threshold could be the percentage of the people which should be immune to regulate transmission of a condition. The Diekmann and Heesterbeek equation for Herd Immunity Threshold is
Ht = BR–1BR
= 1- 1BR
This equation might help us unearth the percentage of people would have to be immune to guard the people. As previously stated, the common wide range of secondary transmissions from a single person is 5 (R0 = 5.0) so plugging that in to the equation would provide us
1 – 1R0
= 1 – ( 15
) = (45
)
Therefore, 80% associated with the population needs to be either immune vaccinated in a completely prone environment so that you can stop the spread of varicella. [10]
As more and more folks are vaccinated, the herd immunity threshold also
increases. By decreasing how many prone individuals, the herd immunity threshold decreases.
Figure C. Visual representation of Herd Immunity taking effect in a population.[11]
Case Trends:
As vaccinations have become more standardized in society and widely implemented, we’ve experienced a decline in not merely varicella rates but many other diseases also. Making use of data from the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports (MMWR), I happened to be able to develop a graph.
Based off of this graph as well as the data points, I used my calculator to locate an equation for the situations line of most readily useful fit.
y=6.2458E 97 (.89838)x
The graph had been extremely eye-opening as it really revealed the drastic downward trend of situations through the entire last few decades. It seemingly will hit zero soon, nonetheless that is improbable as a result of human being error; many individuals would not have usage of the varicella vaccine or choose never to partake in it. Considering that the origins of vaccination, some individuals have opposed the practice regarding the grounds it is maybe not “natural”, or may contain harmful chemical substances. In the 1970s, people begun to falsely think that the vaccinations could do harm, and blamed situations of autism regarding the vaccinations. [12] Since 2001, the percentage of people who choose never to vaccinate has quadrupled.
Conclusion:
I went into this IA with just minimal home elevators the dynamics of epidemiology, and moreover the importance of vaccination. Every year when I get my shots, I think little of it, but this report highlighted just how much they matter. I regret obtaining the limited scope of just the United State’s data, because I am aware that in other countries it could vary vastly as a result of cultural views on anti-vaccination, in addition to just limited access to medical care. I felt extremely privileged and humbled that I reside in a spot where these options can be obtained if you ask me. If I were to help expand my research, I would personally extend my perspective globally, and equate to other countries. Furthermore, if there was clearly enough data available however could compare my data with epidemics associated with the past, specially ones which damaged populations.
I have a pastime in the medical field, particularly in research; as time goes on, I believe that medicine will advance to help expand expel condition and viruses.
Appendix:
Bibliography
- “Chickenpox (for Parents).” Edited by Shayan T. Vyas, youngstersHealth, The Nemours Foundation, July 2017, kidshealth.org/en/parents/chicken-pox.html.
- “Chickenpox | Monitoring Vaccine Impact | Varicella | CDC.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/surveillance/monitoring-varicella.html.
- “Chickenpox (Varicella).” History of Vaccines, www.historyofvaccines.org/index.php/content/articles/chickenpox-varicella.
- “Chickenpox.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for healthcare Education and Research, 1 Nov. 2018, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chickenpox/symptoms-causes/syc-20351282.
- “Chicken Pox (Varicella Zoster Virus) Infection Information.” MyVMC, 31 May 2018, www.myvmc.com/diseases/chicken-pox-varicella-zoster-virus/.
- “Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 11 Aug. 2015, www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/varicella.html.
- “Facts about Chickenpox.” US National Library of Medicine, Pediatric Children’s Health, Sept. 2005, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722564/.
- Factual Statements About Chickenpox and Shingles for Adults. National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, Aug. 2009, www.nfid.org/publications/factsheets/varicellaadult.pdf.
- “History of Anti-Vaccination Movements.” History of Vaccines, www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/history-anti-vaccination-movements.
- Marangi L, Mirinaviciute G, Flem E, Scalia Tomba G, Guzzetta G, Freiesleben de Blasio B, et al.
(2017) The natural history of varicella zoster virus disease in Norway: Further insights on exogenous boosting and progressive immunity to herpes zoster. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0176845. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176845 - MATHguide.com. “Geometric Sequences and Series.” MATHguide could be the Source for Interactive Mathematics for Students, Parents and Teachers Called MATHguide, www.mathguide.com/lessons/SequenceGeometric.html.
- “R Nought and Vaccine Coverage.” Khan Academy, Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/current-issues-in-health-and-medicine/ebola-outbreak/v/r-nought-and-vaccine-coverage.
- “Reported situations and Deaths from Vaccine Preventable Diseases, usa, 1950-2013.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 13th Edition , Apr. 2015, vaccines.procon.org/sourcefiles/cdc-reported-cases-and-deaths-from-vaccine-preventable-diseases.pdf.
- “The Mathematics of Diseases.” The Mathematics of Diseases, 25 July 2018, plus.maths.org/content/mathematics-diseases.
- “Varicella (Chickenpox): Questions and Answers.” Vaccine Information, Immunization Action Coalition, www.immunize.org/catg.d/p4202.pdf.
- Wharton M. The epidemiology of varicella-zoster virus infectionsExternal. Infect Dis Clin N Amer. 1996;10:571–81.
- “ What Is Herd Immunity?” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/herd-immunity/.
a4 =(1)54–1
= 125
a5=(1)55–1
= 625
a6=(1)56–1
= 3125
|
Generation |
Infected per generation |
Total infected |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
2 |
5 |
6 |
|
3 |
25 |
31 |
|
4 |
125 |
156 |
|
5 |
625 |
781 |
|
6 |
3125 |
3906 |
Based off of our equation, it could simply take just 6 generations to infect the complete school. This illustrates the dire importance of vaccinations to grant immunity.
Herd Immunity:
Herd immunity is just a large aspect in the disease rates in just a population. It dictates that “for every person that is vaccinated the risk of disease for the remainder community decreases.”[9] Simply put, Herd immunity is if the recovered, who’re immune, outnumber the healthy prone, resulting in little potential for creating an epidemic. Vaccination serves as significantly of a bridge from the vunerable to the recovered, in that the average person never experiences the illness. Vaccination is quite crucial that you society as it creates herd immunity superficially; the total amount of folks who are infected or recovered is vastly smaller than a naturally-occurring setup. The Herd Immunity Threshold could be the percentage of the people which should be immune to regulate transmission of a condition. The Diekmann and Heesterbeek equation for Herd Immunity Threshold is
Ht = BR–1BR
= 1- 1BR
This equation might help us unearth the percentage of people would have to be immune to guard the people. As previously stated, the common wide range of secondary transmissions from a single person is 5 (R0 = 5.0) so plugging that in to the equation would provide us
1 – 1R0
= 1 – ( 15
) = (45
)
Therefore, 80% associated with the population needs to be either immune vaccinated in a completely prone environment so that you can stop the spread of varicella. [10]
As more and more folks are vaccinated, the herd immunity threshold also
increases. By decreasing how many prone individuals, the herd immunity threshold decreases.
Figure C. Visual representation of Herd Immunity taking effect in a population.[11]
Case Trends:
As vaccinations have become more standardized in society and widely implemented, we’ve experienced a decline in not merely varicella rates but many other diseases also. Making use of data from the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports (MMWR), I happened to be able to develop a graph.
Based off of this graph as well as the data points, I used my calculator to locate an equation for the situations line of most readily useful fit.
y=6.2458E 97 (.89838)x
The graph had been extremely eye-opening as it really revealed the drastic downward trend of situations through the entire last few decades. It seemingly will hit zero soon, nonetheless that is improbable as a result of human being error; many individuals would not have usage of the varicella vaccine or choose never to partake in it. Considering that the origins of vaccination, some individuals have opposed the practice regarding the grounds it is maybe not “natural”, or may contain harmful chemical substances. In the 1970s, people begun to falsely think that the vaccinations could do harm, and blamed situations of autism regarding the vaccinations. [12] Since 2001, the percentage of people who choose never to vaccinate has quadrupled.
Conclusion:
I went into this IA with just minimal home elevators the dynamics of epidemiology, and moreover the importance of vaccination. Every year when I get my shots, I think little of it, but this report highlighted just how much they matter. I regret obtaining the limited scope of just the United State’s data, because I am aware that in other countries it could vary vastly as a result of cultural views on anti-vaccination, in addition to just limited access to medical care. I felt extremely privileged and humbled that I reside in a spot where these options can be obtained if you ask me. If I were to help expand my research, I would personally extend my perspective globally, and equate to other countries. Furthermore, if there was clearly enough data available however could compare my data with epidemics associated with the past, specially ones which damaged populations.
I have a pastime in the medical field, particularly in research; as time goes on, I believe that medicine will advance to help expand expel condition and viruses.
Appendix:
Bibliography
- “Chickenpox (for Parents).” Edited by Shayan T. Vyas, youngstersHealth, The Nemours Foundation, July 2017, kidshealth.org/en/parents/chicken-pox.html.
- “Chickenpox | Monitoring Vaccine Impact | Varicella | CDC.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/surveillance/monitoring-varicella.html.
- “Chickenpox (Varicella).” History of Vaccines, www.historyofvaccines.org/index.php/content/articles/chickenpox-varicella.
- “Chickenpox.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for healthcare Education and Research, 1 Nov. 2018, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chickenpox/symptoms-causes/syc-20351282.
- “Chicken Pox (Varicella Zoster Virus) Infection Information.” MyVMC, 31 May 2018, www.myvmc.com/diseases/chicken-pox-varicella-zoster-virus/.
- “Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 11 Aug. 2015, www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/varicella.html.
- “Facts about Chickenpox.” US National Library of Medicine, Pediatric Children’s Health, Sept. 2005, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722564/.
- Factual Statements About Chickenpox and Shingles for Adults. National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, Aug. 2009, www.nfid.org/publications/factsheets/varicellaadult.pdf.
- “History of Anti-Vaccination Movements.” History of Vaccines, www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/history-anti-vaccination-movements.
- Marangi L, Mirinaviciute G, Flem E, Scalia Tomba G, Guzzetta G, Freiesleben de Blasio B, et al.
(2017) The natural history of varicella zoster virus disease in Norway: Further insights on exogenous boosting and progressive immunity to herpes zoster. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0176845. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176845 - MATHguide.com. “Geometric Sequences and Series.” MATHguide could be the Source for Interactive Mathematics for Students, Parents and Teachers Called MATHguide, www.mathguide.com/lessons/SequenceGeometric.html.
- “R Nought and Vaccine Coverage.” Khan Academy, Khan Academy, www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/current-issues-in-health-and-medicine/ebola-outbreak/v/r-nought-and-vaccine-coverage.
- “Reported situations and Deaths from Vaccine Preventable Diseases, usa, 1950-2013.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases, 13th Edition , Apr. 2015, vaccines.procon.org/sourcefiles/cdc-reported-cases-and-deaths-from-vaccine-preventable-diseases.pdf.
- “The Mathematics of Diseases.” The Mathematics of Diseases, 25 July 2018, plus.maths.org/content/mathematics-diseases.
- “Varicella (Chickenpox): Questions and Answers.” Vaccine Information, Immunization Action Coalition, www.immunize.org/catg.d/p4202.pdf.
- Wharton M. The epidemiology of varicella-zoster virus infectionsExternal. Infect Dis Clin N Amer. 1996;10:571–81.
- “ What Is Herd Immunity?” PBS, Public Broadcasting Service, www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/herd-immunity/.
= 125
a5=(1)55–1
= 625
a6=(1)56–1
= 3125
|
Generation |
Infected per generation |
Total infected |
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
2 |
5 |
6 |
|
3 |
25 |
31 |
|
4 |
125 |
156 |
|
5 |
625 |
781 |
|
6 |
3125 |
3906 |
Based off of our equation, it could simply take just 6 generations to infect the complete school. This illustrates the dire importance of vaccinations to grant immunity.
Herd Immunity:
Herd immunity is just a large aspect in the disease rates in just a population. It dictates that “for every person that is vaccinated the risk of disease for the remainder community decreases.”[9] Simply put, Herd immunity is if the recovered, who’re immune, outnumber the healthy prone, resulting in little potential for creating an epidemic. Vaccination serves as significantly of a bridge from the vunerable to the recovered, in that the average person never experiences the illness. Vaccination is quite crucial that you society as it creates herd immunity superficially; the total amount of folks who are infected or recovered is vastly smaller than a naturally-occurring setup. The Herd Immunity Threshold could be the percentage of the people which should be immune to regulate transmission of a condition. The Diekmann and Heesterbeek equation for Herd Immunity Threshold is
Ht = BR–1BR
= 1- 1BR
This equation might help us unearth the percentage of people would have to be immune to guard the people. As previously stated, the common wide range of secondary transmissions from a single person is 5 (R0 = 5.0) so plugging that in to the equation would provide us
1 – 1R0
= 1 – ( 15
) = (45
)
Therefore, 80% associated with the population needs to be either immune vaccinated in a completely prone environment so that you can stop the spread of varicella. [10]
As more and more folks are vaccinated, the herd immunity threshold also
increases. By decreasing how many prone individuals, the herd immunity threshold decreases.
Figure C. Visual representation of Herd Immunity taking effect in a population.[11]
Case Trends:
As vaccinations have become more standardized in society and widely implemented, we’ve experienced a decline in not merely varicella rates but many other diseases also. Making use of data from the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports (MMWR), I happened to be able to develop a graph.
Based off of this graph as well as the data points, I used my calculator to locate an equation for the situations line of most readily useful fit.
y=6.2458E 97 (.89838)x
The graph had been extremely eye-opening as it really revealed the drastic downward trend of situations through the entire last few decades. It seemingly will hit zero soon, nonetheless that is improbable as a result of human being error; many individuals would not have usage of the varicella vaccine or choose never to partake in it. Considering that the origins of vaccination, some individuals have opposed the practice regarding the grounds it is maybe not “natural”, or may contain harmful chemical substances. In the 1970s, people begun to falsely think that the vaccinations could do harm, and blamed situations of autism regarding the vaccinations. [12] Since 2001, the percentage of people who choose never to vaccinate has quadrupled.
Conclusion:
I went into this IA with just minimal home elevators the dynamics of epidemiology, and moreover the importance of vaccination. Every year when I get my shots, I think little of it, but this report highlighted just how much they matter. I regret obtaining the limited scope of just the United State’s data, because I am aware that in other countries it could vary vastly as a result of cultural views on anti-vaccination, in addition to just limited access to medical care. I felt extremely privileged and humbled that I reside in a spot where these options can be obtained if you ask me. If I were to help expand my research, I would personally extend my perspective globally, and equate to other countries. Furthermore, if there was clearly enough data available however could compare my data with epidemics associated with the past, specially ones which damaged populations.
I have a pastime in the medical field, particularly in research; as time goes on, I believe that medicine will advance to help expand expel condition and viruses.
Appendix:
Bibliography
- “Chickenpox (for Parents).” Edited by Shayan T. Vyas, youngstersHealth, The Nemours Foundation, July 2017, kidshealth.org/en/parents/chicken-pox.html.
- “Chickenpox | Monitoring Vaccine Impact | Varicella | CDC.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, www.cdc.gov/chickenpox/surveillance/monitoring-varicella.html.
- “Chickenpox (Varicella).” History of Vaccines, www.historyofvaccines.org/index.php/content/articles/chickenpox-varicella.
- “Chickenpox.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for healthcare Education and Research, 1 Nov. 2018, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chickenpox/symptoms-causes/syc-20351282.
- “Chicken Pox (Varicella Zoster Virus) Infection Information.” MyVMC, 31 May 2018, www.myvmc.com/diseases/chicken-pox-varicella-zoster-virus/.
- “Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine-Preventable Diseases.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 11 Aug. 2015, www.cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/varicella.html.
- “Facts about Chickenpox.” US National Library of Medicine, Pediatric Children’s Health, Sept. 2005, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2722564/.
- Factual Statements About Chickenpox and Shingles for Adults. National Foundation for Infectious Diseases, Aug. 2009, www.nfid.org/publications/factsheets/varicellaadult.pdf.
- “History of Anti-Vaccination Movements.” History of Vaccines, www.historyofvaccines.org/content/articles/history-anti-vaccination-movements.
- Marangi L, Mirinaviciute G, Flem E, Scalia Tomba G, Guzzetta G, Freiesleben de Blasio B, et al.
(2017) The natural history of varicella zoster virus disease in Norway: Further insights on exogenous boosting and progressive immunity to herpes zoster. PLoS ONE 12(5): e0176845. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0176845 - MATHguide.com.